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Ministry of Law - Online Safety

What are online harms?

Online harms can take many forms, including harassment, stalking and non-consensual sharing of intimate images. Learn about the types of online harm covered by OSRAA here.

Last updated 25 June 2026

Am I a victim of online harm?

Start here if you are unsure what kind of online harm you are facing, or what steps you can take.

Online harassment

Online harassment is when someone uses the Internet to communicate threatening, abusive, insulting, sexual or indecent material that is likely to cause you harassment, alarm, distress or humiliation.

Doxxing

Doxxing is when someone uses the Internet to publish identity information about you, in a way that a reasonable person would conclude was likely intended to cause you, or someone related to you, harassment, alarm, distress or humiliation.

Online stalking

Online stalking is when someone engages in a course of online conduct towards you that is likely to cause you harassment, alarm, distress or humiliation.

Intimate image abuse

Intimate image abuse is when someone uses the Internet to communicate, offer or advertise an intimate image or recording of you without your consent, and this is likely to cause you harassment, alarm, distress or humiliation.

Image-based child abuse

Image-based child abuse is when someone uses the Internet to communicate, offer, advertise, or lead others to a child abuse image or recording of you.